大家好！“外企头条”栏目又跟大家见面了。今天我们推出一篇文章，讲述美国路易斯维尔开展的“绿色之心项目”，展现植树所能带来的巨大“医疗福利”，让树成为城市的“医生”，改善城市空气，让城市更健康。
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树“医生”让城市更健康
Tree 'doctor' makes the city healthier
路易斯维尔是一个交通枢纽，每天有很多飞机、火车和卡车要穿过这个城市，这是影响这里空气质量的重要原因之一。
Louisville is a transit hub, and the air quality is affected by the exhaust from tens of thousands of planes, trucks and trains passing through the city.
和世界上的很多城市一样，路易斯维尔面临着严重的空气污染问题，空气污染已经明显威胁到当地人的健康。
Like many other cities in the world, the severe air pollution in Louisville has had an obvious impact on people people’s health.
在路易斯维尔，几乎每个人都可以说出一些关于空气污染的真事：孩子有呼吸问题；曾有长辈死于心脏病；离开这里的人，咳嗽奇迹般地痊愈，却在回到这里后症状又陆续出现……
Here, almost everybody has a story to tell concerning the pollution: A child who has respiratory problems, elders who died of heart disease, a cough that miraculously clears up when they leave town but comes creeping back after they return.
因绿化差异，这里的居民还面临着不同程度的健康问题。
Due to differences in greening, residents here also face varying degrees of health problems.
据调查，那些居住在树木茂盛区域的人，比居住在城市南部和西部，更少机会接触自然的人，平均寿命要长13年。
According to the survey, those living in forested areas have an average life expectancy of 13 years longer than those living in the southern and western parts of the city who have fewer opportunities to get in touch with nature.
虽然收入差距、饮食、吸烟率以及其他很多相关因素影响着平均寿命，但增加城市绿化面积显然可以更好地改善这种情况。
While income gap, diet, smoking prevalence and many other relevant factors may affect average life expectancy, it is clear that an increase in urban green space can better improve this situation.
事实上，城市应该将树木视为公共卫生基础设施，这不仅可以引起城市管理者对城市绿化的重视，也将为城市绿化打开新的资金来源。
In fact, the city should regard trees as public health infrastructure, which can not only raise urban managers’ attention to urban greening, but also open up new sources of funding for urban greening.
美国大自然保护协会（TNC）联合大众健康学者、环保主义者和社区组织者，2017年秋天共同在路易斯维尔发起了“绿色之心项目”。
The Nature Conservancy (TNC), together with mass health scholars, environmentalists and community organizers, launched “The Green Heart Project” in Louisville in the fall of 2017.
在这个项目中，树将成为城市“医生”，用于增强免疫力，改善城市空气，让城市更健康。
In this project, the tree will become the city's 'doctor' to boost the immune system, improve the city's air quality and make the city healthier.
大自然，具有强大的、超乎想象的治愈能力；大量的研究证实，大自然对人们的健康和精神有积极影响，尤其是在健康方面。
Nature has a powerful, unimaginable healing power; a large body of research confirms that nature has a positive impact on people's health and wellbeing, especially in health.
我们生于自然，渴望与大自然连结。大自然如何帮助我们，让城市更健康呢？
We were born in nature, eager to link with nature. How can nature help us make the city healthier?
研究表明，一棵树可以将周边的污染水平降低三分之一，树木也是防止污染的物理屏障。
Research shows that one tree can reduce the surrounding pollution levels by one third, and trees can also serve as physical barriers to pollution.
美国肯塔基州最大的城市路易斯维尔以“绿色之心项目”实际行动探索出一条城市健康之路。
Louisville, Kentucky's largest city, has explored a way to healthy city with their effort in the 'Green Heart Project'.
国际环保组织大自然保护协会（TNC）所发动的“绿色之心”项目就是希望通过建立一个模型，来规划一个城市应该在哪里植树、如何植树、种什么树种，从而建立起城市绿化与公共卫生之间的转换关系，更直观展现植树所能带来的巨大“医疗福利”。
The 'Green Heart Project” launched by TNC hope to establish a model, in which they come up with a city plan determining where to plant trees, how to plant trees and what kinds of trees are to be planted. Through this measure, a transformation relationship between urban afforestation and public health will be built to show the enormous 'medical benefits' that tree planting can bring.
大众健康学者专家认为，这一项目将被用以证明，若我们能够在可获得最大利益的区域进行植树，医疗费用支出的减少、病假的减少以及生产力的提升，是可以覆盖城市绿化的大部分成本的。
According to public health scholars, this project will prove that if we can plant trees in most profitable areas, the reduction in medical expenses, sick leave and productivity will cover most of the cost of urban greening.
由于诸多合作方的加入，让这个项目实现追踪自然与健康之间的因果关系变得可能。比如，TNC将提供生态学方面的数据，用来判断在哪里种树、种什么树可以获得最大效益；Hyphae设计实验室将在城市绿色基础设施设计方面提供支持，等等。
The participation of many partners made it possible to track the causal link between nature and health. For example, TNC will provide ecological data to determine where to plant the trees and what type of trees are most profitable; and Hyphae Design Labs will offer support in urban green infrastructure design.
据TNC在路易斯维尔的城市保护负责人Chris Chandler介绍，到2018年的秋天，TNC和其他项目合作伙伴将在树木匮乏的南路易斯维尔种植8000棵树，其中很多树木是被移植的已经成熟的树木。
According to Chris Chandler, head of urban conservation of TNC in Louisville, TNC and other project partners will plant 8,000 trees in tree-lined southern Louisville by the fall of 2018, many of which will be transplanted mature trees .
该项目还将动员700名社区居民参与多轮药物测试，追踪其血液和尿液中空气污染的残留。
The project will recruit 700 neighborhood residents to participate in several rounds of medical tests, tracking the residual evidence of air pollution in their blood and urine.
Chris Chandler表示，树木可以通过多种方式来改善空气质量。
Chris Chandler says, trees address air quality in several ways.
除了我们熟知的树木通过光合作用吸收二氧化碳、释放氧气，树叶上的细小绒毛还可以捕捉空气中微小的颗粒污染物，微小的颗粒污染是公共卫生特别关注的一个问题，因为颗粒很小，可以进入血液，从而引发心脏病和中风。
Trees take up carbon dioxide and release oxygen when they photosynthesize, just as you learned in grade school science. The fine hairs on trees leaves can actually trap fine particulate matter pollution. And fine particle pollution is a particular concern for public health, as the particles are so small that they can actually pass into the bloodstream, causing heart disease and strokes.
他强调说，路易斯维尔是一个完美的城市实验室，这里足够大，展示了城市所面临的挑战，这里也足够小，让类似“绿色之心”项目的联盟者可以走到一起，迅速开始做一些事。
He emphasized that Louisville is a perfect urban laboratory, large enough to show the challenges facing the city, and small enough for affiliates like the Green Hearts to get together and do something.
来自联合国的数据显示，全球每年大约有400万人死于空气污染，数百万心脏病、哮喘和中风患者因空气污染加重了病情。
Data from the United Nations show that about 4 million people die from air pollution each year, and it also exacerbates heart disease, asthma and stroke of millions of patients.
如何才能经济有效地解决这一世界难题，全世界的城市都在寻求答案。
How to solve this world problem economically and effectively? Cities all over the world are seeking answers.
或许，“绿色之心”项目将为我们提供一个可行的经济有效的答案。
Perhaps, the “Green Heart Project” will provide us with a viable and cost-effective answer.
我们期待，树“医生”在路易斯维尔获得成功。
We look forward to the success of Tree Doctor in Louisville.
其他人都在看
编辑 / 王琳
来源 / 经济日报（记者陈颐、朱琳）
